R E V I E W

Ecology is a science studying interrelation of the environment and environmental factors. The term �ecology� was introduced by a German biologist Hekkel in 1866. Ecology actively evolved in 30ies of XX century. The word ecology implies the meaning of the two Greek words: oikos meaning a house, dwelling, motherland and logos � teaching.

Any environmental element able, directly or indirectly, to affect live organisms are referred as ecological factors. Conventionally they are divided as 1) biotic and 2) abiotic factors.

Biotic factors are food products as well as the factors characterized by interrelations among the separate species or within the groups of the same species (for example, competition for territories, nutrition, water etc.). Among the abiotic factors are: temperature, light, humidity, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, wind, ionization of atmosphere etc.

Cumulating data of a specific species or description of its living conditions make up the ecological niche of a species. In the process of evolution each species is developing a habit to live in a definite ecological niche. Plants, animals, micro organisms living on a common territory sharing it for a lasting period without changing its boundaries represent the so called closed system or an ecosystem.

To study live organisms, including human beings in interrelation with the environment requires not only biological methods but many other scientific methods to be applied. Namely, physics, chemistry, geology, geochemistry, geography, economy etc. and noteworthy, parasitological studies from the angle of environment support studies of natural � nidus of infections, diseases of human beings.

Great importance is attached to the role of practical activities of man in the problems created allover the world.

Pollution of air, lakes, rivers, oceans, natural cover, exhausted soil, damages done to the wild life and many other problems we currently face had made it inevitable of establishment of a service for protection of our environment; this has promoted development of ecological researches.

The task set forth to ecology was to study and prognosticate human activities and natural resources exploitation impact on environment and to manage methods for treatment of current processes in the biosphere.

The idea is that the biosphere is considered from the viewpoint of ecological niche of man. I.e. environment and industrial activities of man are merged into one system �Nature�Society�. This leads to changes required in economy, technology and industry trends.

One of the requirements of environmental thinking is to describe the means, instruments for restoration and protection of environments along with its use. To establish impact of contemporary society on biosphere international requirements are needed.

Tomato (licopersicum esculentum Mull) is an annual plant. It belongs to the Solanum nigrum family; it comes from South America and Mexico. In tropics it is a perennial plant; the plant is keen to warmth, its seeds start swelling at C 13 ^o -15 ^o. 

The optimal temperature for seeds swell is C 18 ^o � 21 ^o.  The temperature level for proper development of plants is C 18 ^o � 21 ^o. At C 15^o and below plants of many species growth decreases and higher than C 35 ^o � it stops. Tomatoes do not like high humidity as they suffer from various diseases. The best level of humidity is 45-60% for tomatoes. Surplus humidity is ruinous for tomatoes; the other side of leaves obtain bluish coloring.

The soft soil is one of the major conditions for best treatment of tomatoes.

It is desirable to plant tomato seedlings in the end of May.

Pepper (Capsicum Annum L) of the Solanum nigrum family contains a great quantity of  C vitamin. For its growing seedlings are used.

There are sweet and hot pepper species. (We have chosen sweet one).

Pepper requires warmth but too high temperature of soil may cause withering diseases.  

Too high temperature and deficit of humidity may cause withering as a result of carbon exchange breach.

III soil � field brown and black earth.

I Zeolite � Clinophtilolite brought from the quarry in the village Khandaki (Kaspi region) - processed in the factory there with assistance of workers of the factory.

II  seedlings � the pepper seedlings were purchased in a market. Participated pupils of Dzegvi public school, form VIII: I. Sologashvili Achiko, Kvakhadze Tito, Nadirashvili Illia, Mirtskhulava Ramazi. They cultivated the experimental sector too.

IV pots � 5kg volume, ceramics, purchased in Shrosha in 2006.